Tradition / Region: Japanese Mythology
Alternate Names: Hachimangū no kannushi no musume Sato
Category: Mermaid
The Myth
Sato is a mermaid with a long, fish-like body covered in scales, four flipper-like paws, a human-like face framed by long hair, and two horns protruding from her head. Three jewels hang from her abdomen. She is regarded as a messenger from the gods and is associated with prophecies of prosperity and disease.
According to legend, Sato was the seventeen-year-old daughter of the chief priest of Hachiman Shrine in Shimabara Hirano Mura, in Hizen Province, now part of Shimabara in Nagasaki Prefecture. In 1813, she drowned in a pond approximately two kilometres in circumference. Her body was never recovered.
On February 26, 1819, her corpse reportedly rose to the surface of the pond, with three jewels attached to her belly. She declared that she was a messenger from the gods and predicted eight or nine years of abundant harvests, followed by an epidemic that would kill between 30 and 50 percent of the population. She also proclaimed that anyone who saw her image would be saved from the disaster.
Immediately after delivering her prophecy, torrential rain began to fall and black clouds gathered around the pond. The water rose, and Sato ascended into the sky, disappearing from sight.
Her story and image subsequently spread as people sought protection from the predicted epidemic. Her likeness was used as a talisman against disease. Sato’s story belongs to a wider tradition of prophetic mermaid yōkai known as ryūgū no tsukai, meaning “messengers from the Dragon Palace.” Tales of these supernatural messengers spread rapidly throughout Japan from 1819 onward, developing into numerous variations. Like other figures in this tradition, Sato delivers a prophecy of future events and offers protection through the circulation of her image.
Sources
yokai.com contributors. (n.d.). Sato. In yokai.com, from https://yokai.com/sato/